Macaronesia, Madeira, São Jorge, laurel forest, historical collections, leaf macrofossils, Madeira Island, Macaronésia, Macaronésia, Macaronésia, Macaronésia, Macaronésia, Macaronesian, Macaronésia, Macaronesian, Macaronésie, Macaronésia, Macaronesian, Macaronésie, Macaronésia, Macaronesian, Macaronésie, Macaronésia, Macaronésia
Climate change, Environmental aspects, Climatic changes, Health aspects, Carbon - metabolism, Forests, Trees - metabolism, Insects, Pathogens, Trees - growth & development, Forest productivity, Plant-pathogen relationships, Insect-plant relationships, Abiotic stress