Macaronesia, Océano Atlántico, Cabo Verde, Macaronésia, Macaronésia, Macaronésia, Macaronésia, Macaronesian, Macaronésia, Macaronesian, Macaronésie, Macaronésia, Macaronesian, Macaronésie, Macaronésia, Macaronesian, Macaronésie, Macaronésia, Macaronésia
Climate change, Spain, IBERIAN PENINSULA, TEMPERATURES, Data homogeneity, Statistical tests
Climatic change, Circulation patterns, PCA, Spanish precipitation regime
trends, abrupt changes, minimum and maximum temperatures, Spanish Plateau climate
Little Ice Age, North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), Maunder Minimum, Regional rainfall anomalies
North Atlantic, NAO, Cross-spectral analysis
precipitation, Reconstruction, Annual rainfall, 1501-1990, Andalusia (Southern Spain), Historical climatology, Precipitation anomalies, Precipitation index
NAO, AMO, Atlantic SST, European temperatures, SSA
precipitation, Europe, ENSO, Seasonal forecasting
Spain, precipitation, Portugal, River flow, NAO, Hydroelectricity